"""Read-only query helpers over the goodNews database.

Pure stdlib and framework-agnostic: returns plain dicts so the same functions
back both the CLI and the JSON API. All article output is metadata + a link to
the original source — never stored bodies.
"""

from __future__ import annotations

import sqlite3

from .feeds import MAX_BACKOFF_MINUTES

# Composite ranking used everywhere a "best first" order is needed. Kept as one
# expression so brief, category feeds, and the API all rank identically.
RANK_SCORE_SQL = (
    "(s.constructive_score + s.agency_score + s.human_benefit_score + src.trust_score "
    "- s.cortisol_score - s.ragebait_score - s.pr_risk_score)"
)

_ARTICLE_COLUMNS = f"""
    a.id,
    a.title,
    a.description,
    a.canonical_url,
    a.published_at,
    a.image_url,
    a.source_id,
    src.name AS source_name,
    s.topic,
    s.flavor,
    s.accepted,
    s.constructive_score,
    s.cortisol_score,
    s.ragebait_score,
    s.agency_score,
    s.human_benefit_score,
    s.pr_risk_score,
    s.reason_code,
    s.reason_text,
    s.model_name,
    (SELECT group_concat(t.tag) FROM article_tags t WHERE t.article_id = a.id) AS tags,
    {RANK_SCORE_SQL} AS rank_score
"""


def feed(
    conn: sqlite3.Connection,
    topic: str | None = None,
    flavor: str | None = None,
    accepted_only: bool = True,
    limit: int = 30,
    offset: int = 0,
    include_topics: list[str] | None = None,
    include_flavors: list[str] | None = None,
    mute_topics: list[str] | None = None,
    mute_flavors: list[str] | None = None,
    max_cortisol: int | None = None,
    max_ragebait: int | None = None,
    tag: str | None = None,
    source_id: int | None = None,
    sort: str = "ranked",
) -> list[dict]:
    """Return articles with categorical filters applied in SQL.

    sort="ranked" (default) is best-first by the composite rank; sort="latest"
    is pure recency (newest first) for the chronological "Latest" feed. Both
    stay accepted-only and respect the same boundaries.

    Categorical filters (topic/flavor include & mute, cortisol/ragebait ceilings)
    must be applied here, not after ranking — otherwise low-ranked-but-matching
    items (e.g. 'discovery' for a Wonder lane) fall outside any over-fetch window.
    Word-boundary avoid-terms remain a Python pass on the caller side.
    """
    clauses = ["a.duplicate_of IS NULL", "src.content_visible = 1"]
    params: list = []
    if accepted_only:
        clauses.append("s.accepted = 1")
    if topic:
        clauses.append("s.topic = ?")
        params.append(topic.lower())
    if flavor:
        clauses.append("s.flavor = ?")
        params.append(flavor.lower())

    def _in(column: str, values: list[str], negate: bool = False) -> None:
        vals = [v.lower() for v in values]
        placeholders = ",".join("?" * len(vals))
        op = "NOT IN" if negate else "IN"
        # COALESCE keeps NULL-category rows from being dropped by NOT IN.
        clauses.append(f"COALESCE({column}, '') {op} ({placeholders})")
        params.extend(vals)

    if include_topics:
        _in("s.topic", include_topics)
    if include_flavors:
        _in("s.flavor", include_flavors)
    if mute_topics:
        _in("s.topic", mute_topics, negate=True)
    if mute_flavors:
        _in("s.flavor", mute_flavors, negate=True)
    if max_cortisol is not None:
        clauses.append("COALESCE(s.cortisol_score, 0) <= ?")
        params.append(max_cortisol)
    if max_ragebait is not None:
        clauses.append("COALESCE(s.ragebait_score, 0) <= ?")
        params.append(max_ragebait)
    if tag:
        clauses.append("EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM article_tags at WHERE at.article_id = a.id AND at.tag = ?)")
        params.append(tag.lower())
    if source_id:
        clauses.append("a.source_id = ?")
        params.append(source_id)

    where = "WHERE " + " AND ".join(clauses)
    params.extend([limit, offset])

    order_by = (
        "COALESCE(a.published_at, a.discovered_at) DESC, rank_score DESC"
        if sort == "latest"
        else "rank_score DESC, COALESCE(a.published_at, a.discovered_at) DESC"
    )
    rows = conn.execute(
        f"""
        SELECT {_ARTICLE_COLUMNS}
        FROM articles a
        JOIN sources src ON src.id = a.source_id
        JOIN article_scores s ON s.article_id = a.id
        {where}
        ORDER BY {order_by}
        LIMIT ? OFFSET ?
        """,
        params,
    ).fetchall()
    return [dict(row) for row in rows]


def brief(conn: sqlite3.Connection, brief_date: str | None = None, limit: int = 10) -> dict:
    """Return a stored daily brief (latest if no date) with its ranked items."""
    target_date = brief_date or _latest_brief_date(conn)
    if not target_date:
        return {"brief_date": None, "title": None, "items": []}

    header = conn.execute(
        "SELECT brief_date, title, created_at FROM daily_briefs WHERE brief_date = ?",
        (target_date,),
    ).fetchone()
    if not header:
        return {"brief_date": target_date, "title": None, "created_at": None, "items": []}

    rows = conn.execute(
        f"""
        SELECT bi.rank, bi.selection_reason, {_ARTICLE_COLUMNS},
               (SELECT summary FROM article_summaries WHERE article_id = a.id) AS summary
        FROM daily_briefs b
        JOIN daily_brief_items bi ON bi.brief_id = b.id
        JOIN articles a ON a.id = bi.article_id
        JOIN sources src ON src.id = a.source_id
        LEFT JOIN article_scores s ON s.article_id = a.id
        WHERE b.brief_date = ? AND src.content_visible = 1
        ORDER BY bi.rank
        LIMIT ?
        """,
        (target_date, limit),
    ).fetchall()
    return {
        "brief_date": header["brief_date"],
        "title": header["title"],
        "created_at": header["created_at"],
        "items": [dict(row) for row in rows],
    }


def saved(conn: sqlite3.Connection, user_id: int, limit: int = 200) -> list[dict]:
    """Articles a user has saved, newest first (same shape as the feed)."""
    rows = conn.execute(
        f"""
        SELECT {_ARTICLE_COLUMNS}
        FROM saved_articles sv
        JOIN articles a ON a.id = sv.article_id
        JOIN sources src ON src.id = a.source_id
        LEFT JOIN article_scores s ON s.article_id = a.id
        WHERE sv.user_id = ?
        ORDER BY sv.saved_at DESC
        LIMIT ?
        """,
        (user_id, limit),
    ).fetchall()
    return [dict(row) for row in rows]


def saved_ids(conn: sqlite3.Connection, user_id: int) -> list[int]:
    return [r[0] for r in conn.execute(
        "SELECT article_id FROM saved_articles WHERE user_id = ?", (user_id,)
    )]


def history(conn: sqlite3.Connection, user_id: int, limit: int = 200) -> list[dict]:
    """Articles in a user's account history, most-recent first."""
    rows = conn.execute(
        f"""
        SELECT {_ARTICLE_COLUMNS}, MAX(h.at) AS seen_at
        FROM user_history h
        JOIN articles a ON a.id = h.article_id
        JOIN sources src ON src.id = a.source_id
        LEFT JOIN article_scores s ON s.article_id = a.id
        WHERE h.user_id = ?
        GROUP BY a.id
        ORDER BY seen_at DESC
        LIMIT ?
        """,
        (user_id, limit),
    ).fetchall()
    return [dict(row) for row in rows]


def content_stats(conn: sqlite3.Connection) -> dict:
    """Corpus / serving health for the dashboard: how much good news is live."""

    def scalar(sql, params=()):
        return conn.execute(sql, params).fetchone()[0] or 0

    served = scalar(
        "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM article_scores s JOIN articles a ON a.id=s.article_id "
        "WHERE s.accepted=1 AND a.duplicate_of IS NULL"
    )
    accepted_7d = scalar(
        "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM article_scores s JOIN articles a ON a.id=s.article_id "
        "WHERE s.accepted=1 AND a.duplicate_of IS NULL "
        "AND COALESCE(a.published_at, a.discovered_at) >= datetime('now','-7 days')"
    )
    brief = conn.execute(
        "SELECT brief_date, (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM daily_brief_items WHERE brief_id=daily_briefs.id) n "
        "FROM daily_briefs ORDER BY brief_date DESC LIMIT 1"
    ).fetchone()
    with_image = scalar(
        "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM article_scores s JOIN articles a ON a.id=s.article_id "
        "WHERE s.accepted=1 AND a.duplicate_of IS NULL AND a.image_url IS NOT NULL AND a.image_url!=''"
    )
    # Coverage is scoped to LIVE articles (accepted, non-duplicate) so the
    # percentages can't drift past 100% as rejected/duplicate rows accrue summaries.
    summaries = scalar(
        "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM article_summaries m JOIN articles a ON a.id=m.article_id "
        "JOIN article_scores s ON s.article_id=a.id WHERE s.accepted=1 AND a.duplicate_of IS NULL"
    )
    summaries_with_image = scalar(
        "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM article_summaries m JOIN articles a ON a.id=m.article_id "
        "JOIN article_scores s ON s.article_id=a.id WHERE s.accepted=1 AND a.duplicate_of IS NULL "
        "AND a.image_url IS NOT NULL AND a.image_url!=''"
    )
    brief_with_image = 0
    if brief:
        brief_with_image = scalar(
            "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM daily_brief_items bi JOIN articles a ON a.id=bi.article_id "
            "JOIN daily_briefs b ON b.id=bi.brief_id "
            "WHERE b.brief_date=? AND a.image_url IS NOT NULL AND a.image_url!=''",
            (brief["brief_date"],),
        )
    return {
        "served": served,
        "total": scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM articles"),
        "rejected": scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM article_scores WHERE accepted=0"),
        "accepted_7d": accepted_7d,
        "added_24h": scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM articles WHERE discovered_at >= datetime('now','-1 day')"),
        "added_7d": scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM articles WHERE discovered_at >= datetime('now','-7 days')"),
        "summaries": summaries,
        "summaries_with_image": summaries_with_image,
        "with_image": with_image,
        # Accepted, imageless articles whose enrichment was tried recently and
        # came up empty (no usable og:image) — the image "misses" to watch.
        "recent_enrich_fail": scalar(
            "SELECT COUNT(*) FROM article_scores s JOIN articles a ON a.id=s.article_id "
            "WHERE s.accepted=1 AND a.duplicate_of IS NULL AND (a.image_url IS NULL OR a.image_url='') "
            "AND a.image_checked_at >= datetime('now','-1 day')"
        ),
        "active_sources": scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sources WHERE active=1"),
        "total_sources": scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM sources"),
        "latest_brief_date": brief["brief_date"] if brief else None,
        "latest_brief_size": brief["n"] if brief else 0,
        "brief_with_image": brief_with_image,
    }


def source_health(conn: sqlite3.Connection) -> list[dict]:
    """Per source (active, paused, AND retired), the data an operator needs to manage feeds:
    failure streak, last error/success/attempt, computed next poll, and the
    backing metrics (served/accepted/total counts + acceptance & duplicate rates)
    so Pause/Flag decisions aren't vibes-based.

    next_due_at = last attempt + MIN(cap, interval * (1 + consecutive_failures)),
    mirroring feeds.due_source_rows; NULL last attempt means "due now". Paused
    sources are included (their articles stay live; only polling stops).
    """
    rows = conn.execute(
        """
        SELECT
            s.id, s.name, s.default_category AS category, s.active,
            s.status, s.content_visible, s.retry_after_at,
            s.consecutive_failures AS failures, s.review_flag, s.review_reason,
            s.poll_interval_minutes AS interval_minutes,
            s.last_success_at, s.last_error_at, substr(s.last_error, 1, 160) AS last_error,
            (SELECT MAX(r.finished_at) FROM ingest_runs r
             WHERE r.source_id = s.id AND r.finished_at IS NOT NULL) AS last_attempt,
            (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM articles a WHERE a.source_id = s.id) AS total_articles,
            (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM articles a JOIN article_scores sc ON sc.article_id = a.id
             WHERE a.source_id = s.id AND sc.accepted = 1) AS accepted_total,
            (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM articles a WHERE a.source_id = s.id AND a.duplicate_of IS NOT NULL) AS duplicates,
            (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM articles a JOIN article_scores sc ON sc.article_id = a.id
             WHERE a.source_id = s.id AND sc.accepted = 1 AND a.duplicate_of IS NULL) AS served,
            datetime(
                (SELECT MAX(r.finished_at) FROM ingest_runs r
                 WHERE r.source_id = s.id AND r.finished_at IS NOT NULL),
                '+' || MIN(?, s.poll_interval_minutes * (1 + s.consecutive_failures)) || ' minutes'
            ) AS next_due_at
        FROM sources s
        ORDER BY s.active DESC, s.consecutive_failures DESC, served DESC, s.name
        """,
        (MAX_BACKOFF_MINUTES,),
    ).fetchall()
    out = []
    for r in rows:
        d = dict(r)
        total = d["total_articles"] or 0
        accepted = d["accepted_total"] or 0
        d["acceptance_rate"] = round(100 * accepted / total) if total else None
        d["duplicate_rate"] = round(100 * d["duplicates"] / total) if total else None
        # Curation quality: of what this source got ACCEPTED, how much was a
        # duplicate of content already served (accepted_total − served = accepted dupes).
        d["accepted_dup_rate"] = round(100 * (accepted - d["served"]) / accepted) if accepted else None
        # Match the REAL scheduler gate: due = the later of the streak-backoff time
        # and any retry_after_at rest (UTC strings sort chronologically).
        due_times = [t for t in (d["next_due_at"], d["retry_after_at"]) if t]
        d["next_due_at"] = max(due_times) if due_times else None
        out.append(d)
    return out


def _attention(content: dict, sources: list[dict], feedback_unread: int) -> list[dict]:
    """The 'Attention Needed' strip: what an operator should look at, soft-toned
    (warn = act soon, info = worth a glance). Derived from the same data shown
    elsewhere, so it never disagrees with the detail sections."""
    items: list[dict] = []
    n = lambda c: "" if c == 1 else "s"  # noqa: E731 — tiny pluralizer

    resting = [s for s in sources if s.get("active") and (s.get("failures") or 0) > 0]
    if resting:
        items.append({"level": "warn", "text": f"{len(resting)} source{n(len(resting))} backing off after failures"})
    flagged = [s for s in sources if s.get("review_flag")]
    if flagged:
        items.append({"level": "warn", "text": f"{len(flagged)} source{n(len(flagged))} flagged for review"})

    served = content.get("served") or 0
    with_image = content.get("with_image") or 0
    if served and (with_image / served) < 0.70:
        items.append({"level": "info", "text": f"Image coverage at {round(100 * with_image / served)}% (aim for 70%+)"})

    brief_size = content.get("latest_brief_size") or 0
    if brief_size < 7:
        items.append({"level": "info", "text": f"Today's brief has only {brief_size} item{n(brief_size)}"})

    if feedback_unread:
        items.append({"level": "info", "text": f"{feedback_unread} unread feedback message{n(feedback_unread)}"})
    return items


def admin_stats(conn: sqlite3.Connection, days: int = 30) -> dict:
    """Aggregate, non-personal usage stats for the admin dashboard."""
    since = f"-{days} days"

    def scalar(sql, params=()):
        return conn.execute(sql, params).fetchone()[0] or 0

    visitors = {
        "today": scalar("SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT visitor_hash) FROM events "
                        "WHERE kind='visit' AND visitor_hash!='' AND day=date('now')"),
        "d7": scalar("SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT visitor_hash) FROM events "
                     "WHERE kind='visit' AND visitor_hash!='' AND day>=date('now','-7 days')"),
        "d30": scalar("SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT visitor_hash) FROM events "
                      "WHERE kind='visit' AND visitor_hash!='' AND day>=date('now',?)", (since,)),
    }

    # Returning (seen on ≥2 distinct days) vs one-and-done, over the window.
    rows = conn.execute(
        "SELECT CASE WHEN d>=2 THEN 'returning' ELSE 'once' END g, COUNT(*) n FROM ("
        "  SELECT visitor_hash, COUNT(DISTINCT day) d FROM events "
        "  WHERE kind='visit' AND visitor_hash!='' AND day>=date('now',?) GROUP BY visitor_hash"
        ") GROUP BY g", (since,),
    ).fetchall()
    loyalty = {r["g"]: r["n"] for r in rows}

    # An "open" = opening the article via our summary page (legacy 'open' + 'summary_viewed').
    OPEN = "e.kind IN ('open','summary_viewed')"

    top_articles = [dict(r) for r in conn.execute(
        f"SELECT e.article_id AS id, a.title, src.name AS source, COUNT(*) AS opens "
        f"FROM events e JOIN articles a ON a.id=e.article_id JOIN sources src ON src.id=a.source_id "
        f"WHERE {OPEN} AND e.article_id>0 AND e.day>=date('now',?) "
        f"GROUP BY e.article_id ORDER BY opens DESC LIMIT 12", (since,),
    )]

    top_groupings = [dict(r) for r in conn.execute(
        f"SELECT t.tag, COUNT(*) AS opens FROM events e JOIN article_tags t ON t.article_id=e.article_id "
        f"WHERE {OPEN} AND e.day>=date('now',?) GROUP BY t.tag ORDER BY opens DESC LIMIT 12", (since,),
    )]

    top_topics = [dict(r) for r in conn.execute(
        f"SELECT s.topic, COUNT(*) AS opens FROM events e JOIN article_scores s ON s.article_id=e.article_id "
        f"WHERE {OPEN} AND s.topic IS NOT NULL AND e.day>=date('now',?) "
        f"GROUP BY s.topic ORDER BY opens DESC", (since,),
    )]

    # Counts per event kind over the window (each = distinct visitor-days, by dedup).
    kc_rows = conn.execute(
        "SELECT kind, COUNT(*) n FROM events WHERE day>=date('now',?) GROUP BY kind", (since,)
    ).fetchall()
    kc = {r["kind"]: r["n"] for r in kc_rows}

    shares = {k: kc.get(k, 0) for k in ("share_ub", "copy_source", "native_share", "source_click")}

    summary_views = kc.get("summary_viewed", 0)
    source_clicks = kc.get("source_click", 0)
    funnel = {
        "summary_viewed": summary_views,
        "source_click": source_clicks,
        "full_story": kc.get("full_story", 0),
        "source_rate": round(100 * source_clicks / summary_views) if summary_views else 0,
    }
    emotional_mix = {
        "not_today": kc.get("not_today", 0),
        "less_like_this": kc.get("less_like_this", 0),
        "hide_topic": kc.get("hide_topic", 0),
    }
    paywall = {
        "paywall_replace": kc.get("paywall_replace", 0),
        "paywalled_source_open": kc.get("paywalled_source_open", 0),
    }
    replace = {"used": kc.get("replace_used", 0), "none": kc.get("replace_none", 0)}

    # Accounts — aggregate counts only (no emails, no per-user listing).
    accounts = {
        "total": scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users"),
        "new_today": scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users WHERE date(created_at)=date('now')"),
        "new_7d": scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users WHERE created_at>=date('now','-7 days')"),
        "new_30d": scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users WHERE created_at>=date('now',?)", (since,)),
        "active_7d": scalar("SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT user_id) FROM sessions WHERE last_seen_at>=date('now','-7 days')"),
    }

    # Returning-visitor buckets by distinct active days in the window.
    bucket_rows = conn.execute(
        "SELECT CASE WHEN d>=8 THEN '8+' WHEN d>=4 THEN '4-7' WHEN d>=2 THEN '2-3' ELSE 'new' END b, "
        "COUNT(*) n FROM (SELECT visitor_hash, COUNT(DISTINCT day) d FROM events "
        "WHERE kind='visit' AND visitor_hash!='' AND day>=date('now',?) GROUP BY visitor_hash) GROUP BY b",
        (since,),
    ).fetchall()
    buckets = {r["b"]: r["n"] for r in bucket_rows}
    retention = {k: buckets.get(k, 0) for k in ("new", "2-3", "4-7", "8+")}

    daily = [dict(r) for r in conn.execute(
        "SELECT day, SUM(kind IN ('open','summary_viewed')) AS opens, SUM(kind='visit') AS visits "
        "FROM events WHERE day>=date('now',?) GROUP BY day ORDER BY day", (since,),
    )]

    content = content_stats(conn)
    sources = source_health(conn)
    feedback_7d = scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM feedback WHERE created_at >= datetime('now','-7 days')")
    feedback_unread = scalar("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM feedback WHERE read_at IS NULL")

    return {
        "days": days,
        "content": content,
        "sources": sources,
        "attention": _attention(content, sources, feedback_unread),
        "feedback_7d": feedback_7d,
        "feedback_unread": feedback_unread,
        "visitors": visitors,
        "returning": loyalty.get("returning", 0),
        "once": loyalty.get("once", 0),
        "retention": retention,
        "accounts": accounts,
        "funnel": funnel,
        "emotional_mix": emotional_mix,
        "paywall": paywall,
        "replace": replace,
        "top_articles": top_articles,
        "top_groupings": top_groupings,
        "top_topics": top_topics,
        "shares": shares,
        "daily": daily,
    }


def existing_article_ids(conn: sqlite3.Connection, ids: list[int]) -> list[int]:
    """Filter to ids that still exist (FK-safe inserts for save/history/import)."""
    clean = list({int(i) for i in ids})[:1000]
    if not clean:
        return []
    placeholders = ",".join("?" * len(clean))
    return [r[0] for r in conn.execute(
        f"SELECT id FROM articles WHERE id IN ({placeholders})", clean
    )]


def tag_counts(conn: sqlite3.Connection, accepted_only: bool = True) -> dict:
    """How many shown (accepted, non-duplicate) articles carry each grouping tag."""
    where = "WHERE a.duplicate_of IS NULL" + (" AND s.accepted = 1" if accepted_only else "")
    rows = conn.execute(
        f"""
        SELECT t.tag, COUNT(*) AS count
        FROM article_tags t
        JOIN articles a ON a.id = t.article_id
        JOIN article_scores s ON s.article_id = a.id
        {where}
        GROUP BY t.tag
        """
    ).fetchall()
    return {r["tag"]: r["count"] for r in rows}


def category_counts(conn: sqlite3.Connection, accepted_only: bool = True) -> list[dict]:
    """Return per topic/flavor article counts for building browse UIs.

    Joins articles and excludes duplicates so the counts match exactly what the
    feed endpoint will actually return for each topic/flavor.
    """
    clauses = ["a.duplicate_of IS NULL"]
    clauses.append("s.accepted = 1" if accepted_only else "s.topic IS NOT NULL")
    rows = conn.execute(
        f"""
        SELECT s.topic, s.flavor, COUNT(*) AS count
        FROM article_scores s
        JOIN articles a ON a.id = s.article_id
        WHERE {" AND ".join(clauses)}
        GROUP BY s.topic, s.flavor
        ORDER BY s.topic, s.flavor
        """
    ).fetchall()
    return [dict(row) for row in rows]


def available_dates(conn: sqlite3.Connection, limit: int = 30) -> list[str]:
    rows = conn.execute(
        "SELECT brief_date FROM daily_briefs ORDER BY brief_date DESC LIMIT ?",
        (limit,),
    ).fetchall()
    return [row["brief_date"] for row in rows]


def _latest_brief_date(conn: sqlite3.Connection) -> str | None:
    row = conn.execute(
        "SELECT brief_date FROM daily_briefs ORDER BY brief_date DESC LIMIT 1"
    ).fetchone()
    return row["brief_date"] if row else None